April Morning essays

April Morning essays April Morning was an interesting book concerning a young man, Adam Cooper, and the trials and tribulations of his taking part in the Battle of Lexington. The story takes place mostly in Adams home town of Lexington, Massachusetts, but also partially on the surrounding roads and countryside. The novel opens with a glimpse into the daily life of the Cooper family. As Adam com-ments on the harsh perfectionist opprobrium of his father, I find myself drawn to his side of the issue. Adam confuses his fathers constant animadversion with the feeling that his father hates him. These feelings of hate are somewhat annulled by Granny, Adams grandmother and confi-dant. She tells him that, since she has known Moses Cooper longer than anyone, she knows that he really loves Adam. This is further exerted when Adam overhears a conversation between his par-ents. All this was happening with the rumblings of war nearby. The British taxes and tariffs were intensifying and by then most New England towns had their own local governments called Committees. These Committees were supported by local community leaders who also organized a town militia. When word reached Lexington that a British army landed, the local militia was mustered through much urging by Moses Cooper and Jonas Parker, the Captain of the Militia. They pushed for a marshaling of the soldiers for completely different reasons, however. Moses stood firm by the principles of freedom and common human decency. Jonas Parker simply felt that because he was chosen to be Captain of the Militia, it was his right, duty, and obligation to be out for the blood of any redcoat crossing into Lexington, Massachusetts. In any case, the British came to Lexington. The town representatives went to parlay with them. Jonas Parker, Moses Cooper, the Reverend, and Simon Casper, a confrontational battle ad-vocate, were there in front of three mounted British officers. All they...

Animal Research PA School essays

Animal Research PA School essays Today in the age of fast, efficient computer technology is there still a need for the animal testing methods used hundreds of years ago? Many scientist and doctors, including Nobel Prize winners, say yes, because it is the only way to view what happens to a whole living body without risking any harm to humans. Banning animal testing would only cause the number of humans dying from drug interactions to increase, since human safety would be sacrificed for the animals sake, is the belief of many researchers (Understanding). Yet, in the past thirty years there has been a growing number of animal rights organizations, and also more conservative institutions, including Harvard, Yale, and Stanford Universities, which have banned testing on animals. These medical schools are speaking out on the benefits of using alternatives to animal labs and recommending alternatives animal testing to be instituted elsewhere (People). These groups are establishing the belief that there are humane alternati ves to animal testing. Greeks and Romans are the first known people to conduct animal studies. A famous early animal experimenter was Galen, a Greek anatomist and physician. Early animal experimentations were primitive, by our standards today. For instance, from his research of over fifty different species, Aristotle concluded that the heart was the center of the nervous system (McCoy, 15). As time progressed, it became taboo to test on either humans or animals. People in the thirteenth-century believed that they had no right to intervene with diseases, which were understood to be Gods wrath. The clergy said anyone, man or beast, who had a disease must let His will be done. This world view caused priests to oppose all scientific experimentation including vivisection of animals and humans. When the church made it illegal and punishable by death if anyone dissected a cadaver, the church and the scientific...